用C++ Builder設計在網路玩猜數字遊戲

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表單累容如下:

object Form1: TForm1
  Left = 267
  Top = 273
  Width = 226
  Height = 237
  Caption = 'Form1'
  Color = clBtnFace
  Font.Charset = DEFAULT_CHARSET
  Font.Color = clWindowText
  Font.Height = -11
  Font.Name = 'MS Sans Serif'
  Font.Style = []
  OldCreateOrder = False
  PixelsPerInch = 96
  TextHeight = 13
  object SpeedButton1: TSpeedButton
    Left = 8
    Top = 88
    Width = 81
    Height = 22
    Caption = '傳送'
    Flat = True
    OnClick = SpeedButton1Click
  end
  object SpeedButton2: TSpeedButton
    Left = 8
    Top = 120
    Width = 81
    Height = 25
    Caption = '放棄'
    Flat = True
    OnClick = SpeedButton2Click
  end
  object SpeedButton3: TSpeedButton
    Left = 8
    Top = 168
    Width = 81
    Height = 25
    Caption = '離開'
    Flat = True
    OnClick = SpeedButton3Click
  end
  object ToolBar1: TToolBar
    Left = 0
    Top = 0
    Width = 218
    Height = 29
    ButtonHeight = 21
    ButtonWidth = 31
    Caption = 'ToolBar1'
    Flat = True
    ShowCaptions = True
    TabOrder = 0
    object ToolButton1: TToolButton
      Left = 0
      Top = 0
      Caption = '連線'
      DropdownMenu = PopupMenu1
      ImageIndex = 0
    end
  end
  object Edit1: TEdit
    Left = 8
    Top = 40
    Width = 81
    Height = 40
    Font.Charset = CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET
    Font.Color = clWindowText
    Font.Height = -32
    Font.Name = 'Fixedsys'
    Font.Style = []
    MaxLength = 4
    ParentFont = False
    TabOrder = 1
  end
  object Memo1: TMemo
    Left = 96
    Top = 40
    Width = 113
    Height = 153
    TabOrder = 2
  end
  object ServerSocket1: TServerSocket
    Active = False
    Port = 1234
    ServerType = stNonBlocking
    OnClientConnect = ServerSocket1ClientConnect
    OnClientDisconnect = ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect
    OnClientRead = ServerSocket1ClientRead
    Left = 40
    Top = 104
  end
  object ClientSocket1: TClientSocket
    Active = False
    ClientType = ctNonBlocking
    Port = 1234
    OnConnect = ClientSocket1Connect
    OnDisconnect = ClientSocket1Disconnect
    OnRead = ClientSocket1Read
    Left = 72
    Top = 104
  end
  object PopupMenu1: TPopupMenu
    Left = 104
    Top = 104
    object N1: TMenuItem
      Caption = '等待連線'
      OnClick = N1Click
    end
    object N2: TMenuItem
      Caption = '加入連線'
      OnClick = N2Click
    end
  end
end

首先先討論如何利用Builder的TServerSocket與TClientSocket物件來透過網路傳輸資料
TServerSocket是屬於主機端的物件,也就是他是等待連結
TClientSocket則是屬於用戶端的物件,就是主動連結主機
接著有另外一項重要屬性就是Port,據書面資料說Port值可以任意,但必須大於1024,而兩台相連的電腦,Port值一定要一樣
使用時,其中一端必須當作主機(就是使用TServerSocket),等待TClientSocket的訊息,另一台電腦則使用TClientSocket發出訊息給主機

首先讓使用者選擇是要當主機(使用TServerSocket等待他人加入)呢?還是要加入其中一台主機(使用TClientSocket)
至於連接時您可以選擇使用IP(Address)或是輸入對方電腦名稱(Host)
本程式是兩個都放入,然後由使用者選擇要當Server會Client
若是當Server(選擇等待連結)則直接將ServerSocket1的Active屬性設為true,就可以等候Client的訊息了

void __fastcall TForm1::N1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  ServerSocket1->Active=true;  
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

若是當Client(選擇加入連結)則先輸入連結的電腦名稱,再將ClientSocket1的Active屬性設為true;

void __fastcall TForm1::N2Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  String sh;
  if(InputQuery("連線","輸入 電腦名稱: ",sh));
    if(sh.Length()>0)
    {
      ClientSocket1->Host=sh;
      ClientSocket1->Active=true;
    }
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

當雙方都連線時,在Server端的TServerSocket會觸發OnClientConnect事件

void __fastcall TForm1::ServerSocket1ClientConnect(TObject *Sender,
      TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
  Memo1->Lines->Add(Socket->RemoteHost+"上來!");
  ToolButton1->Enabled=false;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

而Client端也會觸發OnConnect事件

void __fastcall TForm1::ClientSocket1Connect(TObject *Sender,
      TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
  Memo1->Lines->Add("連到"+Socket->RemoteHost);
  ToolButton1->Enabled=false;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

接下來是傳送資料
在TServerSocket是以ServerSocket1->Socket->Connections[0]->SendText(Edit1->Text)方法傳送的
而TClientSocket則以ClientSocket1->Socket->SendText(Edit1->Text)傳送
所以傳送按鈕(SpeedButton1)的OnClick事件是:

void __fastcall TForm1::SpeedButton1Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  if(ServerSocket1->Active)
    ServerSocket1->Socket->Connections[0]->SendText(Edit1->Text);
  else
    ClientSocket1->Socket->SendText(Edit1->Text);
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

在資料接收事件TServerSocket的觸發事件是OnClientRead

void __fastcall TForm1::ServerSocket1ClientRead(TObject *Sender,
      TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
  Memo1->Lines->Add(Socket->ReceiveText());
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TClientSocket則為OnRead

void __fastcall TForm1::ClientSocket1Read(TObject *Sender,
      TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
  Memo1->Lines->Add(Socket->ReceiveText());
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

而離線按鈕(SpeedButton2)是將Active設為false,OnClick事件是:

void __fastcall TForm1::SpeedButton2Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  if(ServerSocket1->Active)
    ServerSocket1->Active=false;
  else
    ClientSocket1->Active=false;
  ToolButton1->Enabled=true;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

同樣的離線時TServerSocket與TClientSocket都會收到一個事件
TServerSocket的事件是OnClientDisconnect

void __fastcall TForm1::ServerSocket1ClientDisconnect(TObject *Sender,
      TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
  Memo1->Lines->Add(Socket->RemoteHost+"離線");
  ToolButton1->Enabled=true;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

TClientSocket的事件是OnDisconnect

void __fastcall TForm1::ClientSocket1Disconnect(TObject *Sender,
      TCustomWinSocket *Socket)
{
  Memo1->Lines->Add(Socket->RemoteHost+"離線");
  ToolButton1->Enabled=true;
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

最後若離開時,將TServerSocket與TClientSocket關閉在離開

void __fastcall TForm1::SpeedButton3Click(TObject *Sender)
{
  ServerSocket1->Close();
  ClientSocket1->Close();
  Close();
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

今天先介紹連線元件,下次在加入之前的程式碼

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