系統 - ICMP 協議學習

[psac]

使用LNS，對TCP、UDP好像越來越精通了，但ICMP成了軟肋，轉發ICMP文章一篇，希望對各位有用。
ICMP TYPE NUMBERS

(last updated 25 July 2006)

The Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) has many messages that
are identified by a "type" field.

Type Name Reference
---- ------------------------- ---------
0 Echo Reply [RFC792]
1 Unassigned [JBP]
2 Unassigned [JBP]
3 Destination Unreachable [RFC792]
4 Source Quench [RFC792]
5 Redirect [RFC792]
6 Alternate Host Address [JBP]
7 Unassigned [JBP]
8 Echo [RFC792]
9 Router Advertisement [RFC1256]
10 Router Solicitation [RFC1256]
11 Time Exceeded [RFC792]
12 Parameter Problem [RFC792]
13 Timestamp [RFC792]
14 Timestamp Reply [RFC792]
15 Information Request [RFC792]
16 Information Reply [RFC792]
17 Address Mask Request [RFC950]
18 Address Mask Reply [RFC950]
19 Reserved (for Security) [Solo]
20-29 Reserved (for Robustness Experiment) [ZSu]
30 Traceroute [RFC1393]
31 Datagram Conversion Error [RFC1475]
32 Mobile Host Redirect [David Johnson]
33 IPv6 Where-Are-You [Bill Simpson]
34 IPv6 I-Am-Here [Bill Simpson]
35 Mobile Registration Request [Bill Simpson]
36 Mobile Registration Reply [Bill Simpson]
37 Domain Name Request [RFC1788]
38 Domain Name Reply [RFC1788]
39 SKIP [Markson]
40 Photuris [RFC2521]
41 ICMP messages utilized by experimental [RFC4065]
mobility protocols such as Seamoby
42-255 Reserved [JBP]

Many of these ICMP types have a "code" field. Here we list the types
again with their assigned code fields.

Type Name Reference
---- ------------------------- ---------
0 Echo Reply [RFC792]

Codes
0 No Code

1 Unassigned [JBP]

2 Unassigned [JBP]

3 Destination Unreachable [RFC792]

Codes
0 Net Unreachable
1 Host Unreachable
2 Protocol Unreachable
3 Port Unreachable
4 Fragmentation Needed and Don't Fragment was Set
5 Source Route Failed
6 Destination Network Unknown
7 Destination Host Unknown
8 Source Host Isolated
9 Communication with Destination Network is
Administratively Prohibited
10 Communication with Destination Host is
Administratively Prohibited
11 Destination Network Unreachable for Type of Service
12 Destination Host Unreachable for Type of Service
13 Communication Administratively Prohibited [RFC1812]
14 Host Precedence Violation [RFC1812]
15 Precedence cutoff in effect [RFC1812]


4 Source Quench [RFC792]
Codes
0 No Code

5 Redirect [RFC792]

Codes
0 Redirect Datagram for the Network (or subnet)
1 Redirect Datagram for the Host
2 Redirect Datagram for the Type of Service and Network
3 Redirect Datagram for the Type of Service and Host

6 Alternate Host Address [JBP]

Codes
0 Alternate Address for Host

7 Unassigned [JBP]

8 Echo [RFC792]

Codes
0 No Code

9 Router Advertisement [RFC1256]

Codes
0 Normal router advertisement
16 Does not route common traffic [RFC2002]


10 Router Selection [RFC1256]

Codes
0 No Code

11 Time Exceeded [RFC792]

Codes
0 Time to Live exceeded in Transit
1 Fragment Reassembly Time Exceeded

12 Parameter Problem [RFC792]

Codes
0 Pointer indicates the error
1 Missing a Required Option [RFC1108]
2 Bad Length


13 Timestamp [RFC792]

Codes
0 No Code

14 Timestamp Reply [RFC792]

Codes
0 No Code

15 Information Request [RFC792]

Codes
0 No Code

16 Information Reply [RFC792]

Codes
0 No Code

17 Address Mask Request [RFC950]

Codes
0 No Code

18 Address Mask Reply [RFC950]

Codes
0 No Code

19 Reserved (for Security) [Solo]

20-29 Reserved (for Robustness Experiment) [ZSu]

30 Traceroute [RFC1393]

31 Datagram Conversion Error [RFC1475]

32 Mobile Host Redirect [David Johnson]

33 IPv6 Where-Are-You [Bill Simpson]

34 IPv6 I-Am-Here [Bill Simpson]

35 Mobile Registration Request [Bill Simpson]

36 Mobile Registration Reply [Bill Simpson]

39 SKIP [Markson]

40 Photuris [RFC2521]

Codes
0 = Bad SPI
1 = Authentication Failed
2 = Decompression Failed
3 = Decryption Failed
4 = Need Authentication
5 = Need Authorization

253 RFC3692-style Experiment 1 (*) [RFC-fenner-iana-exp-2780-05.txt]
254 RFC3692-style Experiment 2 (*) [RFC-fenner-iana-exp-2780-05.txt]

(*) It is only appropriate to use these values in explicitly-
configured experiments; they MUST NOT be shipped as defaults in
implementations. See RFC 3692 for details.
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