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2004-08-20, 09:31 PM | #1 |
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通訊專用術語解釋
ACT
Applied Computer Telephony : Hewelett Packard's computer API. ACTAS Alliance of Computer-based Telephony Applications Suppliers : A USA CTI industry forum. ACTIUS Association of Computer Telephony Integration Users and Suppliers. An European CTI industry forum. AMIS-A Audio Message Interchange Specification- Analogue: This is a industry standard protocol for the transmission of voice message between message system. The AMIS protocol uses DTMF signaling. Analogue Line A standard switched voice telephone line. ANI Automatic Number Identification. ANSI American National Standards Institute. API Application Programmer Interface. Application A software programme that causes a computer or telephone system to perform functions that are of benefit to actual users of the system. ASP Application Service Provider. AT-Bus The name of the computer expansion slot technology used in most existing IBM PC compatiable computers. Also called EIA or ISA Bus. Automated dialling The collective term used to describe power, predictive and preview dialling. AVD Alternate Voice and Data: a method of switching between voice and data during the same call. B channel Bearer channel: ISDN standard transmission channel used for voice or data transmission. Bellcore Bell Communications Research. BLF Busy Lamp Field : A device with LCD panel of indicators that show the extensions status. BRI Basic Rate Interface : An ISDN interface which uses two B channels and a D channle ( 2B+D ). Bus A defined interface between different parts of a computer. Caller ID Calling number information that is transmitted with a telephone call. CAM Call Applications Manager: The CTI environment developed by Tandem. CCIR International Radio Consultative Committee. CCITT International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee. Central Office The facility that contains the telephone switch that serves public, private, and businees customers. Channel Service Unit ( CSU ) Device on the Digital Trunk Interface that is the termination point of the T1 lines from the T1 provider. The CSU collects statistics on the quality of the T1 signal. CIT Computer Intergrated Telephony: The CTI environment supported by Digital. CLASS Acronym for Custom Local Area Signalling Service, a group of analogue telephone-based features and telephones that use signalling information routed through the Common Channel Signalling No. 7 (CCS7) telephone network to the telephone to enable new kind of features. CLID Calling Line IDentification: a service which allows the called party to view the telephone number of the calling party before the call is answered. Client A stand-alone workstation computer thst accesses shared network resources provided by another computer ( called a server ). Client/Server A mode of distributed network computing in which an application is computing excuted cooperatively by two computers. The client component of the application excutes on one node, while the server component runs on a second node. CRM Customer Relationship Management. CSA Callpath Services Architecture: The CTI environment supported by IBM. CST Computer Supported Telephony: another term for CTI derived from the ECMA standard. CSTA Computer Supported Telephony Architecture: A term used by ECMA to describe its CTI standardistation activities. CTI Computer Telephony Integration is the application of computer intelligence via external computers to telecomms devices. It include voices processing, LAN intergration, Speech recognition and image/video data integration. CPU Central Processing Unit. All computer and electronic telephone systems are controlled by a CPU. Data Unit A fully digital device that terminates a digital Switch-56 or ISDN line. Also reffered as a " digital modem " or DSU. D channel Data channel : An ISDN standard transmission channel which is packet-switched, and is used for call setup, signalling and data transmission. DID trunk Direct Inward Dial trunk : Trunks that allow direct inward dialing from the public network to the PBX. DNIS Dialled Number Identification Service: A telephone network feature that enables identification of the called number. DLL Dynamic Link Library: a feature of OS?@ and Windows that allows excutable code modules to be loaded on demand and link at run time. DN Directory Number. A telephone nember. On a PBX, this is a extension number. DOS Disk Operating System. The software that runs on any computer that enables it to accept instructions from a user or a programme. DSVD Digital Simultaneous Voice and Data: the simultaneous transmission of voice and data over a digitl telephone line. DTMF Dual Tone MultiFrequency : Two distinct telephone signaling tones used for dialing. DVMRP Distance Vector Multicast Routing Protocol. E&M trunk An E&M trunk gives you incoming and outgoing access to other systems in a private network. ECMA European Computer Manufacturers Association: The organisation responsible for the CSTA standard. ECTF The Enhanced Computer Telephony Forum is an industry body which has been established to allow companies developing or planning to use Computer Telephony Integration products to : 1. plan for consistent, compatible, open CTI interfaces 2. plan for interoperability 3. agree in area where standards are not fully defined 4. provide coordinated input to standards bodies on implementation details EISA Bus See AT-Bus. EISA Extended Industry Standard Architecture. The EISA is a formal specification for a bus design that can accommodate ISA cards, and yet accept other, EISA, option cards for which it provides twice as many pins and much enhanced services. ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute. E1 Digital carrier system or line that carries data at 2.048Mbps. E3 Digital carrier system or line that carries data at 34.368Mbps. File Server A network node that usually consists of fixed-disk storage and a CPU, for storing programmes and data shared by users on a network. Geoport Apple's 1994 interface to the Macintosh which provides isochronous data communication at up to 2 Mb/s for all datastreams. GPRS General Packet Radio Service. GUI Graphical User Interface. IEC Interexchange Carrier. A generic name for the long distance carriers. IPX/SPX Internetwork Packet Exchange/Secure Packet Exchange - a secure method of sending the IP information across the network to insure receipt. ISA ( Industry Standard Architecture ) Introduced by IBM with its PC/AT computers. ISA Bus See AT-Bus ISDN Intergrated Service Digital Network. A specific type of switch-based digital telecommunications service. ISDN BRI ISDN Basic Rate Access ( or ISDN Basic Rate Interface ). ISDN Terminal Adapter Also called an ISDN T/A. this is the device that terminates an ISDN BRA connection. ISV Independent Software Vendor. ITU-U Telecommunications Standardisation Sector of the International Telecommunications Union. IXC Same as IEC. JPEG Joint Photographic Experts Groupt. LAN Local Area Network. A term describing the system ( LAN ) of cabling, software, and service that support the interconnection of computer equipment. LEC Local Exchange Carrier. Another name for the local telephone company. Line Compression Compression is used in a network to get more traffic across a single facility. Loop A term used for " telephone line " from a switch to a " terminal ". MAPI Microsoft's Message API which is part of WOSA. MCA Micro Channel Architecture, a computer bus architecture introduced by IBM with its PS/2 computers. MicroChannel Bus The name of the computer expansion slot technology used in new IBM PS/2 computers. MIME Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions. MPEG Moving Picture Experts Groupt. Pertain to the ISO Standard for video storage. MTA Macintosh Telephony Architecture which includes Geoport and the Macintosh operating system for telephony applications. MVIP Multi Vendor Intergration Protocol: A family of standards to let telephony products from different vendors inter-operate with a computer or group of computers. NetWare A local area network operating system produced by Novell, Inc. NuBus The name of the computer expansion slot technology used in Apple Macintosh computers. PADS Used in a network to add a loss or gain in the decibel level of a trunk. PBX Private Branch Exchange. A telephone switch that is owned or leased by an end-user organisation and is located entirely on that organisation's site. PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect. A local-bus technology that is a method of autoconfiguring PCI peripherals. PICS Protocol Implementation Conformance Standards: Part of ECMA CSTA standard. POP3 Post Office Protocol 3. Predictive Dialling An automated method of making many outbound calls without people and then passing answered calls to a person as the calls are answered. This is typically employed in telemarketing and call centers. Preview Dialling Preview dialling is a form of automated dialling where records from a list of contacts are presented sequentially to an agent who can choose whether or not to make the call. Power Dialling A form of automated dialling where the system ( usually an ACD or stand alone power dialer ) automatically dials numbers from a list. If a call is answered it is passed to an agent. If it is not answered the call is dropped by the system. Protocol A set of rules or procedures commonly agreed on by industry wide committee such as IEEE. Private network A telephone network consisting of owned or leased telephone lines used to connect different offices of an organization independently of the public network. PSDS Public Switched Data Service, a generic name for telco based data services such as Switch-56. PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network. The telecommunications equipment at Central Office, owned by the Telco. RAM Random Access Memory. Remote Access The process of using a remote computer linked to a local area network via modem. Repeaters Used in a network to boost the T - 1 signal to provide connectivity over greater distances. RHCs Regional Holding Companies. ROM Read-Only Memory. Router A network device that allows data to be exchanged between networks by using information contained at the network layer of the OSI model. SCAI Switch Computer Application Interface: a protocol that defines how switches communicate with external computers. SCSA Signal Computing System Architecture is a comprehensive architecture that descibes how both hardware and software building blocks work together. It focuses on ' signal computing ' devices which transmit information over the telephone network. Server On a local area network, the computer that runs the administrative software to control access to the network. SMTP Simple Message Transfer Protocol. SNA IBM's Systems Network Architeture. SPI Server Provider Interface: a Windows Telephony applications standard which lies between Windows telephony and the network. Signalling Channel The ISDN signalling ( or " D " Channel ) is typically used to convey messages, such as " connect," " disconnected, " and " Caller ID, " between the devices at the terminating ends of the switched connection. STM-1/OC-3 Digital carrier system or line that carries data at 155.52Mbps. Switch A name used to refer to a telephone system, whether it is a PBX or is a system at the telephone company's Central Office or an IEC. Switch 56 The generic name for a type of digital telecommunications service available from LECs, IECs, and within PBXs that transmits data at a rate of 57,384 bits per second. SVD Simultaneous Voice and Data: the simultaneous transmission of voice and data over the same telephone line. T1 Digital carrier system or line that carries data at 1.544Mbps. T3 Digital carrier system or line that carries data at 44.736Mbps. TAO Telephony Application Objects: part of the SCSA programming framework. TAPI Microsoft's Windows Telephony Application Programmers interface. TASC Telecommunications Applications for Switches and Computers: The international CTI standard developed by ITU. TCP/IP Transport Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol - A set of network protocos that has become an industry standard in local area network environment. Telco Telephone Company. Usually refer to the LEC. Terminal Adapters ( TA ) Terminal Adapters convert non-ISDN sets or modems to ISDN-compatible sets or modems. Terminal Equipment ( TE ) A generic term for devices that connect to an ISDN network. Trunk The telephone line that extends from the telephone company's central office to a customer's PBX system, serving the entire system. UTP Unshielded twisted-pair cable. A popular twisted-pair cable that looks like telephone wire and doesn't have an insulating shield or sheath. USB The Universal Serial Bus is a PC serial port interface jointly developed in 1994 by Intel, Compaq, DEC, IBM, Microsoft, NEC and Nortel . USB supports multiple devices on a standard connector, and provides bi-directional, isochronous communication. VPIM Voice Profile for Internet Mail. VPIM uses existing data networks, not switch networks, to transport messages. VRRP Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol. WAP Wireless Application Protocol. WOSA Microsoft's Windows Open Service Architecture provides a single system level interface for connecting front-end applications with back-end services. 10Base2 The IEEE standard for Ethernet over thin coaxial cable ( RG-58 ), sometimes called thinnet or cheapernet wire. 10BaseT The IEEE standard for Ethernet over unshielded twisted-pair cable. |
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