使用 QChain.exe 在 Windows 中安裝多個修補程式

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使用 QChain.exe 在 Windows 中安裝多個修補程式

這篇文章中的信息適用於:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server
Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server
Microsoft Windows 2000 Datacenter Server

概要：
系統管理員可使用 QChain.exe 工具對多個修補程式進行鏈式安裝，而無需在安裝每一修補程式之後重啟電腦。通常，安裝每一修補程式之後，均需重啟電腦。QChain.exe 加快了多個修補程式的安裝程序，因為不必在安裝每一修補程式之後重啟電腦。必須安裝的修補程式越多，就越省時間。使用 QChain.exe 的另一好處是延長了伺服器的正常執行時間，因為只需重啟一次伺服器。QChain.exe 還避免了在不重啟電腦的情況下安裝多個修補程式可能出現的問題。如果在安裝多個修補程式時不重啟電腦（不使用 QChain.exe），則可能由於修補程式的安裝順序而導致更新錯誤的文件版本。

如何在僅重啟一次的情況下安裝多個修補程式
若要安裝多個修補程式而只重啟一次電腦，請執行下列步驟：

從 Microsoft 網站獲得相應的修補程式。將每個修補程式放在本機硬碟上各自的資料夾下。 （取得的方法：可以從Windowsupdate的更新目錄裡面下載，也可以從微軟Support或MSDN處得到）
安裝修補程式。但是，不要雙按修補程式文件來執行其安裝例程，而應在命令提示字元下使用 -z 開關來執行其安裝程序。-z 開關阻止修補程式的安裝程序自動重啟電腦。還可以使用 -m 開關在安靜模式下執行修補程式。修補程式的安裝程式文件可能為兩個名稱之一：Q nnnnnn _w2k_spx_en.exe 或 Hotfix.exe。如果文件已解壓縮，則使用 Hotfix.exe 安裝程序。
安裝完所有修補程式後，在命令提示字元下執行 QChain.exe 程序。
執行 QChain.exe 之後，重啟電腦。
如何通過一個簡單的批次處理文件安裝多個修補程式
您可以通過一個簡單的批次處理文件來安裝多個修補程式並執行 QChain.exe。如果要使用這一方法，應確保所有修補程式及 QChain.exe 工具位於本機硬碟的同一資料夾下。新增包含下列各行的批次處理文件：
@echo off
setlocal
set PATHTOFIXES= some_path

%PATHTOFIXES%\Q123456_w2k_sp2_x86.exe -z -m
%PATHTOFIXES%\Q123321_w2k_sp2_x86.exe -z -m
%PATHTOFIXES%\Q123789_w2k_sp2_x86.exe -z -m
%PATHTOFIXES%\qchain.exe
確保將 some_path 替換為修補程式的正確路徑。例如，如果將修補程式儲存於 C HD碟的 Hotfixes 資料夾下，則將「some_path」替換為「c:\hotfixes」。

還可使用 Qchain.exe 的可選參數 logfilename 新增一個文件，其中包含註冊表項 Pending Rename Operations 的「安裝之前和安裝之後」的抓圖 。

注意：
對於包含列於下列註冊表項下的二進制文件的修補程式，QChain.exe 不起作用：
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\System\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\KnownDLLs
Windows 2000 Service Pack 2 之後的修補程式沒有這一問題，因為更新版本的修補程式使用另一方法來驗證現有文件以前版本的檔案名。
這說明windows 2000比windows xp更因不會自動重啟...
所以ms寫了!這小工具.......再說一次!
"只有 Reboot 後... 所有的 hotfix file 才會就定位... "

說得沒錯
但qchain的作用不是為了避免重啟!!!
起到作用是：幾個hotfixes一起裝，而不單一修正後就重啟，肯定有文件版本新舊覆蓋問題，qchain就起到這個作用，保證最後裝到系統是最新的文件。
然後最後統一重新啟動一次。

請看微軟知識庫:
How to Install Multiple Windows Updates or Hotfixes with Only One Reboot

可以作個試驗
用不用qchain各裝多個需要重啟的hotfixs而只重啟一次
再用微軟的qfecheck工具檢察hotfixs的安裝情況:
Qfecheck.exe Verifies the Installation of Windows 2000 and Windows XP Hotfixes
你就會相信偶得話了~~~~~~


Qchain.exe下載



=======================================

Qfecheck.exe Verifies the Installation of Windows 2000 and Windows XP Hotfixes

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Qfecheck.exe Verifies the Installation of Windows 2000 and Windows XP Hotfixes
適用於
This article was previously published under Q282784
SUMMARY
Microsoft has released a command-line tool named Qfecheck.exe that gives network administrators increased ability to track and verify installed Windows 2000 and Windows XP hotfixes. This tool provides the following benefits:
This tool helps customers who thought they had properly installed an update, but had not, and are now experiencing a problem. Previously, it was somewhat difficult to identify which fixes were installed on a computer. This simple tool easily enumerates all of the installed fixes by Microsoft Knowledge Base article number. Customers can then confirm that they have installed the appropriate set of fixes before using a valuable support incident and potentially experiencing unplanned down time.
Many companies identify a common set of fixes that are required for all servers in a given data center. To help ensure that Windows 2000 and Windows XP hotfixes are applied in a consistent manner across many servers, this tool allows you to create logs for each computer in your organization that show which fixes are installed. Once those logs are created, you can easily scan them for consistency.
There are rare situations in which, because of a network problem, a problem with the update itself, or a subsequent update that improperly overwrites a previous fix, updates could be damaged or removed in error. This tool ensures that not only have the fixes been installed, but that they are current on the computer.
Microsoft has noted a significant correlation between maintaining a consistent platform across organizations and the overall stability and uptime of those systems. Microsoft believes that using this tool to regularly audit computers is a best practice that will help customers achieve higher reliability on their computers.
MORE INFORMATION
Qfecheck.exe determines which hotfixes are installed by reading the information that is stored in the following registry key:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Updates

Using the file version information that is stored in this key by each hotfix that is installed, the Qfecheck.exe tool checks the installed binary files to verify that they match.

Qfecheck.exe identifies the following types of issues:
Files that have been hotfixed, but for which the installed binary file is not current.

Qfecheck reads the registry key that is associated with each update, and checks the version number that is recorded in the registry against the current version of the same file that is installed. If the current version is lower than the version that is recorded in the registry, Qfecheck reports an error.
Hotfix files that are current, but are not considered valid by the installed catalogs.

For each file that is installed by a hotfix, Qfecheck checks to see that the current catalogs on the computer contain the information that would be used by Windows File Protection (WFP) to validate the file. If a file is valid according to the hotfix information in the registry, but the installed catalogs do not concur, Qfecheck reports an error.

NOTE: If WFP were to be triggered in this case, the hotfixed file would be rolled back to an earlier version.
Qfecheck displays its information in a command-prompt window when you run it. If you log the results of Qfecheck to a log file with the /l switch, the log file is stored in the current folder unless you specify a location. This location can be any valid path, including a Universal Naming Convention (UNC) path. Qfecheck does not log information in the event log.

If the Windows 2000 version of Qfecheck reports that some files are not valid in the system catalog, see the following article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
281767 Updated Sp2.cat Available to Resolve Versioning Issues with Post Service Pack 1 Hotfixes

How to Obtain Qfecheck.exe
Windows XP Home and Windows XP Professional
The following file is available for download from the Microsoft Download Center:

Download Q282784_WXP_SP1_x86_ENU.exe now

Release Date: January 18, 2002

For additional information about how to download Microsoft Support files, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
119591 How to Obtain Microsoft Support Files from Online Services

Microsoft scanned this file for viruses. Microsoft used the most current virus-detection software that was available on the date that the file was posted. The file is stored on security-enhanced servers that help to prevent any unauthorized changes to the file.
Windows XP Itanium 64-bit
The following file is available for download from the Microsoft Download Center:

Download Q282784_WXP_SP1_ia64_ENU.exe now

Release Date: January 18, 2002

For additional information about how to download Microsoft Support files, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
119591 How to Obtain Microsoft Support Files from Online Services

Microsoft scanned this file for viruses. Microsoft used the most current virus-detection software that was available on the date that the file was posted. The file is stored on security-enhanced servers that help to prevent any unauthorized changes to the file.
Windows 2000
The following file is available for download from the Microsoft Download Center:

Download Q282784_W2K_spl_X86_EN.exe now

Release Date: January 18, 2002

For additional information about how to download Microsoft Support files, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
119591 How to Obtain Microsoft Support Files from Online Services

Microsoft scanned this file for viruses. Microsoft used the most current virus-detection software that was available on the date that the file was posted. The file is stored on security-enhanced servers that help to prevent any unauthorized changes to the file.
The Qfecheck.exe Command Syntax
QFECheck can be run on any language version of Windows, but the text output is English only.

QFECHECK [/l[:location] /v /q /?]

/l Log output to <Computername>.log in the current folder
location. Use the specified location to store the
log file.
/v Verbose output
/q Quiet mode
/? This help


Examples of Qfecheck Output
Windows 2000 without a service pack or hotfixes installed:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/7/2001 9:9pm

Current Service Pack Level:

Hotfixes Identified:No Hotfixes found on system.

Windows 2000 Service Pack 1 (SP1) without hotfixes installed:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/7/2001 9:39pm

Current Service Pack Level: Service Pack 1

Hotfixes Identified:No Hotfixes found on system.

Windows 2000 SP1 with Q274835 installed:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/7/2001 9:54pm

Current Service Pack Level: Service Pack 1

Hotfixes Identified:
Q274835: Current on system.

Windows 2000 SP1 on which a hotfix is installed and the binary file is correct, but the catalog is not correct:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/9/2001 2:49pm

Current Service Pack Level: Service Pack 1

Hotfixes Identified:
Q267866: Current on system.
Q272743: This hotfix should be reinstalled.

Using the /v (verbose output) switch:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/11/2001 9:24pm

Current Service Pack Level: Service Pack 1

Hotfixes Identified:
Q267866: Current on system.
Q272743: This hotfix should be reinstalled.

The following files are not valid in the system catalog:
C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\TELNET.EXE
C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DLLCACHE\TELNET.EXE

Windows 2000 SP1 on which a hotfix is installed but the binary file is not current:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/9/2001 10:54pm

Current Service Pack Level: Service Pack 1

Hotfixes Identified:
Q267866: Current on system.
Q272743: This hotfix should be reinstalled.

Using the /v (verbose output) switch:
Windows 2000 Hotfix Validation Report for \\WinAdvSrv
Report Date: 1/11/2001 9:30pm

Current Service Pack Level: Service Pack 1

Hotfixes Identified:
Q267866: Current on system.
Q272743: This hotfix should be reinstalled.

The following files are incorrect for this hotfix:
C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\TELNET.EXE
C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DLLCACHE\TELNET.EXE

Additional Information
Note that all Windows 2000 and Windows XP files are protected by WFP. Hotfixes can contain updates to these files, examples of which may be .asp or .chm files. Qfecheck does not verify these files because they do not have catalog information on the computer.

Qfecheck.exe is placed in the %SystemRoot%\System32 folder. The installation alone does not verify hotfix integrity. To receive verification, open a command prompt window and run Qfecheck.exe.

Note that there is also a Microsoft Windows 95 version of Qfecheck.exe. Do not use this version with Windows 2000 or Windows XP. For additional information about the Windows 95 version, click the article number below to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base:
145990 Windows 95 Update Information Tool (Qfecheck.exe)

The information in this article applies to:
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server SP1
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server SP2
Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server SP1
Microsoft Windows 2000 Advanced Server SP2
Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional SP1
Microsoft Windows 2000 Professional SP2
Microsoft Windows XP 64-Bit Edition
Microsoft Windows XP Home Edition
Microsoft Windows XP Professional

有沒有適用於XP的，2000實在不想用。

為什麼不想用2000???
XP只是吃硬体的怪獸而以